What is cold box in LNG?
LNG cold box, applied in natural gas liquefaction plant, is to liquefy and purify natural gas. If nitrogen content in natural gas is more than desirable, nitrogen removal column shall be set to purify natural gas, thus to meet the requirement of LNG code combustion value.
How does a cold box work?
Cold boxes are (pressure) vessels that hold a gas or liquid at a very low temperature. The distinctive feature of cold boxes is the double-wall construction, which allows the insulation to be fitted between the inner and outer walls.
What is the range of recovery of NGL?
This scheme allows reaching an ethane recovery rate from 2 to 98% with a constant Propane recovery at 99% with a smooth and bumpless manner using valves R1 and R2.
How does a nitrogen rejection unit work?
A nitrogen rejection unit (NRU) selectively removes nitrogen from a gas. In this process, a system of compression and distillation columns drastically reduces the temperature of the gas mixture to a point where methane is liquified and the nitrogen is not.
What is cold box?
Cold boxes are self-supporting structures that protect cryogenic equipment such as brazed plate-fin heat exchangers, core-in-drums, distillation columns, piping, valves and instrumentation. But more importantly, they insulate and protect any kind of cryogenic equipment from external influences like rain, snow and wind.
What is cold box heat exchanger?
What is Cold Box? Cold box is a complete package of brazed aluminum heat exchanger contained in carbon steel casing with structural support, insulation containment, and protection for the internal equipment.
How do you make liquid oxygen industrially?
The usual way to do this is to pass oxygen gas from a compressed gas cylinder through a coil of hollow copper pipe which is submerged in liquid nitrogen. The copper coil is a good conductor of heat and has a large surface area. Liquid oxygen is then usually collected in a thermos flask.
What is NGL recovery?
The process of removing NGL’s is known as NGL recovery. The amount of NGL’s are measured by gallons per 1,000 cubic feet (gpm), with 1-2 gpm being ‘lean’ or dry, and > 4 gpm being ‘very rich’ or wet. The first step of NGL Recovery is to remove all NGL’s from the natural gas.
How does pressure swing adsorption work?
Pressure swing adsorption process (PSA) is based on the phenomenon that under high pressure, gases tend to be trapped onto solid surfaces, i.e., to be “adsorbed”. The higher the pressure, the more gas is adsorbed. When the pressure is dropped, the gas is released, or desorbed.
How do you remove N2 from natural gas?
High nitrogen (N2) content in natural gas has always presented a challenge for the gas processor. Separation of N2 from methane (CH4) is difficult due to the similar chemical properties of both molecules. To date, the only efficient method for separating these components is via cryogenic distillation.
What is cold chain equipment?
It takes a chain of precisely coordinated events in temperature-controlled environments to store, manage and transport these life-saving products. This is called a cold chain. Vaccines must be continuously stored in a limited temperature range – from the time they are manufactured until the moment of vaccination.